![]() īetween 18, Dagestan was referred to as Dagestan Oblast, corresponding to the southeastern part of the present-day republic. Some areas of Dagestan were known as Lekia, Avaria and Tarki at various times. The word Dagestan is of Turkish and Persian origin, directly translating to "Land of the Mountains." The Turkish word dağ means "mountain", and the Persian suffix -stan means "land". 4.5 Alternating Persian and Russian rule.1.1 Names for Republic of Dagestan in its official languages.Most of the residents speak one of the Northeast Caucasian, or Turkic, languages however, Russian is the primary language and the lingua franca in the republic. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most heterogeneous administrative divisions in the world. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk and Buynaksk.ĭagestan covers an area of 50,300 square kilometres (19,400 square miles), with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. ![]() ![]() Dagestan ( / ˌ d æ ɡ ɪ ˈ s t æ n, - ˈ s t ɑː n/ DAG-i- STA(H)N Russian: Дагеста́н, IPA: ), officially the Republic of Dagestan (Russian: Респу́блика Дагеста́н, romanized: Respúblika Dagestán), is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. ![]()
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